GCH Research

The opportunity to conduct research is fueling this community health student to discover life-saving cancer treatments

Taylor Thomas — Tue, 13 May 2025 13:18:27 +0000

The opportunity to conduct research is fueling this community health student to discover life-saving cancer treatments Taylor Thomas Tue, 05/13/2025 - 09:18

In This Story

Michelle S. Williams, PhD, MSPH

During her sophomore year at 51�Թ��, College of Public Health student Paris Stephens sought to gain more experience as a research assistant, but knew not just any project would suffice.

Paris Stephens, BS in Community Health with a concentration in Clinical Science student. Photo provided.

Stephens, who was working on a Bachelor of Science in Community Health with a concentration in Clinical Science, was adamant her work not only contribute to her growth as a researcher, but also aligned with her desire to create meaningful impact. After speaking with her professors about the array of opportunities available, she found her perfect fit with Associate Professor Michelle Williams’s research, developing a culturally relevant breast cancer education intervention for young African American women.

“I felt compelled to be part of research that educates, advocates, and drives change,” Stephens said. "The focus on breast cancer awareness and disparities deeply resonated with my passion for advancing health equity, especially among young Black women. I wanted my efforts to matter."

Black women, at any age, are more likely to die from breast cancer than any other race or ethnic group. Stephens’s work included conducting comprehensive literature reviews, identifying key gaps in research, data collection and analysis, participating in community education campaigns, and communicating with survey participants.

“I’ve gained valuable learning the ins and outs of research protocols, such as how to work ethically with human research participants,” Stephens said. "I also learned how to collect, organize, and publish data—skills that have made me more confident and capable as an aspiring public health professional. Overall, this experience has allowed me to support evidence-based practices that promote community health and drive real-world impact."

Stephens presenting her research at the 2025 National Conference on Undergraduate Research. Photo provided

Stephens was thrilled by the opportunity to work with Williams, absorbing an abundance of knowledge from her as a cancer prevention and control expert. Stephens presented her work at the 2025 National Conference on Undergraduate Research in Pittsburgh.

“Working with Dr. Williams has been an incredible experience. She is a brilliant researcher and she’s helped me grow into a more thoughtful and skilled researcher myself. Her mentorship has been both inspiring and transformative,” she said

Stephens recently accepted a position with Shady Grove Fertility as a patient service representative, where she will deliver patient support by resolving concerns, coordinating with departments, guiding patients on insurance and financial options, and ensuring compliance and data accuracy while maintaining confidentiality and professionalism. Following her graduation in spring 2025, she intends to pursue a Master of Science in Management.

Stephens aspires to continue pursuing breast cancer research as a clinical research coordinator or work within hospital or pharmaceutical settings focused on breast cancer treatments, ensuring that new drugs and medical devices are safe, effective, and beneficial for communities.

Her ultimate goal is to serve in roles that allow her to contribute to life-saving innovations and clinical advancements.

“I want to be part of the team that makes sure we are not only innovating—but doing so responsibly and ethically,” Stephens said.

Topics

GCH Students

bachelor of science in community health

GCH Research

Student Research

cancer research

Cancer Prevention and Control

Students

Graduation

First-of-its-kind research identifies beneficial prenatal vitamins to reduce risk of infant death

Jennifer Pocock — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 15:19:14 +0000

First-of-its-kind research identifies beneficial prenatal vitamins to reduce risk of infant death Jennifer Pocock Thu, 01/30/2025 - 10:19

Assistant Professor of Global and Community Health Dongqing Wang publishes landmark analysis on the impacts of prenatal vitamins on mothers and newborns in the Lancet Global Health.

Dongqing Wang, PhD, MPH

Dongqing Wang, an assistant professor of Global and Community Health at George Mason’s College of Public Health, is pioneering research in prenatal nutritional interventions. His latest report identifies prenatal supplements that reduce health risks to small and vulnerable babies. This research was published in the prestigious Lancet Global Health journal and funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

Wang found that compared to folic acid and iron alone, a multiple micronutrient supplement led to a 27% lower risk of giving birth to “small vulnerable newborn types,” or babies who suffered from preterm birth, low birthweight, and small-for-gestational-age birth—the three groups most likely to result in infant death.

In the past, these birth outcomes were all treated as separate conditions. Wang, however, delves into emerging science to look at different combinations across the three outcomes. Low birthweight, for example, can occur because of a short pregnancy, and growth restrictions can lead to babies born too small for their developmental age.

“Small vulnerable newborn types may have distinct mechanisms, health impacts, and intervention strategies,” says Wang. “This work is the first to examine the effects of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplements and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements on the emerging outcomes of small vulnerable newborns.”

Folic acid and iron have been used to support prenatal health since the 1970s. Wang explored the effects of two additional types of prenatal supplements on women in low- and middle-income countries: prenatal multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS), similar to a common multivitamin, and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS), which provide caloric nutrition and fatty acids in addition to vitamins.

He found that nearly all of these vitamins conferred some type of benefit—and some of them were hugely beneficial.

“This study underscores the important promise of nutritional supplements in prenatal care in low- and middle-income countries,” says Wang. “In particular, the protective effects of prenatal multiple micronutrients on most small vulnerable newborn types, particularly those with the greatest mortality risk, strongly supports switching from iron and folic acid supplements to MMS as the standard care.”

Combining 16 different studies, Wang analyzed how prenatal nutrition correlates to the occurrence of small vulnerable newborns. He believes that the right prenatal supplements can help mitigate them. Since more than 90% of pregnancies resulting in low birthweight occur in low- and middle-income countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, Wang focused this work on those regions.

The Lancet Global Health published "The effects of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplements and small-quantity lipid- based nutrient supplements on small vulnerable newborn types in low- and middle- income countries: a meta-analysis of individual participant data” in January 2025. Additional authors include Enju Liu, Nandita Perumal, Uttara Partap, Ilana R. Cliffer, Janaína Calu Costa, Molin Wang, Wafaie W. Fawzi, and more than 40 data contributors from all over the world who provided the individual participant data used in this landmark analysis.

In This Story

Dongqing Wang, PhD, MPH

Study Global and Community Health at George Mason

Topics

Prenatal Care

Postnatal Care

Women's Perinatal Health

Maternal Nutrition

GCH Research

public health research

CPH research

Research

College of Public Health

New study finds associations between use of skin care products and exposure to potential developmental toxicants

mthomp7 — Wed, 04 Sep 2024 13:15:40 +0000

New study finds associations between use of skin care products and exposure to potential developmental toxicants mthomp7 Wed, 09/04/2024 - 09:15

In This Story

Michael S. Bloom, PhD, MS, FACE

Use of skin care products is associated with exposure to phthalates and phthalate-replacement chemicals in young children, according to the new and first-of-its-kind study at 51�Թ��'s College of Public Health.

A new study led by primary investigator Michael S. Bloom, professor in the Department of Global and Community Health at George Mason’s College of Public Health, has found that use of skin care products including lotions, hair oils, hair conditioners, ointments, and sunscreen is associated with higher levels of phthalates in children’s urine. The associations depend in part upon the child’s racial and ethnic identity and their sex as assigned at birth. The study was co-authored by two George Mason Master of Public Health alumni, Juliana Clark and Kelly Garcia.

A new study led by primary investigator Michael S. Bloom has found that use of skin care products including lotions, hair oils, hair conditioners, ointments, and sunscreen is associated with higher levels of phthalates in children’s urine. Photo by Michelle Thompson/College of Public Health

“This is the first study to suggest that different skin care products used by young children may differentially increase exposure to endocrine-disrupting phthalates and phthalate replacements in young children,” said Bloom.

Phthalates and phthalate-replacement compounds are endocrine-disrupting chemicals, meaning they may interfere with the body’s hormones. Exposure to these chemicals in early childhood has been associated with neurodevelopmental, reproductive, and metabolic disease concerns in previous studies. Some of these chemicals are often used as carriers for the active ingredients in skin care products; others may be used in plastic packaging.

The study collected medical data from 630 children between the ages of 4 and 8 from 10 different sites across the United States, including a clinical examination and a urinalysis. The child’s parent or guardian was also asked to complete a survey within 24 hours prior to the child’s examination, which included questions regarding the child’s sociodemographic information (race/ethnic identity, sex assigned at birth, etc.). It also asked parents to list all the skin care products, including lotions, soaps, shampoos, oils, and cosmetics, that were applied to the child’s skin in the 24 hours prior to their examination, with as much specificity as possible regarding the product type and brand or generic name.

“We found associations between recent use of different skin care products and higher concentrations of phthalate and phthalate-replacement compounds,” said Bloom. “There were different relationships between the use of skin care products and the endocrine-disrupting chemicals in children depending on their racial and ethnic identities and their sex assigned at birth. We also found that distinct patterns of using multiple skin care products were predictive of higher concentrations of phthalates and phthalate replacements.”

While Bloom and his team say that further studies are necessary to confirm these findings, the results suggest that children in different racial and ethnic groups may experience different levels of risk for exposure to phthalates. In particular, they found the highest levels of phthalates and phthalate replacements in the urine of non-Hispanic Black participants. The differences may correlate to brand availability and preferences, methods and timing of product application, and/or the frequency of use by children with different racial and ethnic identities.

“The results can inform policies to address the use of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in skin care products that may be used on children and to help advise parents’ decisions about using products to limit their children’s exposure to potential developmental toxicants,” said Bloom.

“Impact of skin care products on phthalates and phthalate replacements in children: the ECHO-FGS” was published online in Environmental Health Perspectives in September 2024. This research was funded by the U.S. National Institute of Health (NIH) Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) study.

Additional authors include: Juliana Clark, 51�Թ��; John L. Pearce, Medical University of South Carolina; Pamela L. Ferguson, Medical University of South Carolina; Roger B. Newman, Medical University of South Carolina; James R. Roberts, Medical University of South Carolina; William A. Grobman, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Anthony C. Sciscione, Christiana Care Health System; Daniel W. Skupski, New York Presbyterian Queens Hospital; Kelly E. Garcia, 51�Թ��; John E. Vena, Medical University of South Carolina; Kelly J. Hunt, Medical University of South Carolina; the ECHO-FGS study group.

Topics

Master of Public Health

Environmental Chemicals

Research

New research describes the leisure motivations that underpin young U.S. adults' recreational cannabis use

Mary Cunningham — Mon, 10 Jun 2024 15:40:21 +0000

New research describes the leisure motivations that underpin young U.S. adults' recreational cannabis use Mary Cunningham Mon, 06/10/2024 - 11:40

In This Story

Iulia Fratila, PhD

As of 2024, 24 states including Virginia, Maryland, and Washington, D.C., have legalized the adult recreational use of cannabis. As laws change, citizens' perceptions of the drug and reasons for using the drug have also shifted. In 2020, 34.5% of adults aged 18–25 reported using cannabis in the previous 12 months, according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Health experts seek to better understand the broader implications of legalization and individuals’ motivations and attitudes related to cannabis use.

Iulia Fratila, assistant professor in 51�Թ��’s College of Public Health

New qualitative research by Iulia Fratila, assistant professor in 51�Թ��’s College of Public Health, and Liza Berdychevsky, associate professor at the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, describes in what ways young adults (aged 18–30) view cannabis as a recreational and leisure pursuit.

“Recreational cannabis legalization and liberalization is shifting across U.S. states. More holistic approaches to understanding perceptions of cannabis benefits and leisure motivations are scarce due to the longstanding criminalization of cannabis,” said Fratila, the principal investigator. “This research provides novel insights into cannabis users' leisure motivations of use and perceived benefits, which can be leveraged strategically in public health and drug education efforts in the societal transition from criminalization to normalization and commercialization trends concerning cannabis.”

Participants in Fratila and Berdychevsky’s study suggest cannabis can offer a leisure state of mind (e.g., experiencing flow, relaxation, and meditative state), as well as represent a leisure pursuit reserved for free time (e.g., using cannabis as a reward for free, post-obligations time outside of daily demands). Additionally, participants described how cannabis serves as a leisure activity itself (i.e., the act of getting high) and/or as an activity that accompanies other leisure pursuits and socialization (e.g., getting high and going to the movies), while providing pleasurable outcomes (e.g., feeling enjoyment, engaging in humor, enhancing senses).

“Participants discussed the ways that their recreational cannabis consumption represents a controlled and calculated risk-benefit leisure choice that is successfully managed for their overall well-being. Their narratives highlight that this perceived leisure pursuit does not necessarily interfere with their otherwise productive lives,” said Fratila.

These insights can inform harm reduction approaches to cannabis education that may be more effective considering the cannabis legalization and liberalization landscape. Health educators and health promoters can discuss cannabis risks and potential negative health outcomes while acknowledging the desired benefits cannabis users anticipate.

Fratila warns about the impacts of widespread legalization and the emerging recreational cannabis markets, which highlights another meaningful implication connected to the study findings. “Under prohibitory regulations, recreational cannabis use has been explicitly framed as deviant, criminal, harmful, life-wrecking, and void of any potentially desirable leisure qualities (e.g., pleasure, socialization). This study showcases the cannabis users’ understanding of cannabis as normative recreation and the anticipated leisure benefits,” said Fratila.

She further explained, “However, this is a cautionary tale because these desirable qualities may be easily exploited. More specifically, society may be facing a new conundrum with the commercialization of recreational cannabis as the switch from criminalization to commercialization overly simplifies and glamorizes the leisure meanings of cannabis for profitable gain.”

Public health experts and scholars will need to be at the front lines, in collaboration with other fields, to monitor how cannabis is repositioned and accommodated in a cannabis-friendly society, according to Fratila. Specifically, it will be important to spearhead effective health promotion efforts that minimize any related harms and maximize well-being.

This was a qualitative research project utilizing hermeneutic phenomenology, a research method to study how experiences affect everyday practices, and in-depth interviewing with 16 individuals (ages 18–30) living in the U.S. states with legalized recreational cannabis.

“Phenomenological Exploration of Young Adults’ Recreational Cannabis Use Experiences and Associated Leisure Meanings” was published in the Journal of Leisure Research in June 2024. This research was not funded.

Topics

GCH Research

The opportunity to conduct research is fueling this community health student to discover life-saving cancer treatments

In This Story

Topics

First-of-its-kind research identifies beneficial prenatal vitamins to reduce risk of infant death

In This Story

Study Global and Community Health at George Mason

Related News

Topics

New study finds associations between use of skin care products and exposure to potential developmental toxicants

In This Story

Topics

New research describes the leisure motivations that underpin young U.S. adults' recreational cannabis use

In This Story

Topics